While the Constitution guarantees secularism and ensures freedom of religion, environmental degradation is often justified under the guise of religious practices. This creates a tension between two important constitutional values: the right to freedom of religion and the right to a healthy environment.

The paper contends that climate change functions as a structural force within the Indo-Pacific security complex, reshaping threat perceptions, maritime strategy, and alliance behaviour. Climate stress catalyses securitisation, drives eco-geostrategic cooperation, and transforms regional institutions and partnerships amid intensifying geopolitical competition.

Abstract This commentary examines the institutionalised precarity of environmental migrants in the Yamuna Khadar, where the seasonal cycle of flooding (Baadh) is compounded by the hostile interventions of the state. Drawing on field observations from Chilla Khadar and Geeta Colony, the analysis argues that the residents' crisis is defined by a double-edged governance model. While the state provides minimal resources through legal documents and subsidized rations, it simultaneously acts as an...