Drawing on Angela Davis’s abolitionist framework, this article critiques the prison-industrial complex as a system rooted in racism and structural violence. It proposes a two-part solution: addressing pre-crime social inequalities and adopting restorative justice. Emphasising mutual obligations between offenders and communities, it advocates alternatives to punitive incarceration to achieve genuine accountability and long-term societal reintegration.

The piece is a critical essay, based on Esi Edugyan’s ‘Out of The Sun: On Race and Storytelling’, which strives to analyse the notion of a B